The Miseducation of the Filipino:World Bank Textbooks: Scenario for Deception

Renato Constantino’s The Miseducation of the Filipino (1959) and Letizia R. Constantino’s World Bank Textbooks: Scenario for Deception (1982) both argue that the Philippine education system perpetuates colonial values, undermines nationalism, and serves foreign interests rather than Filipino needs. Together, they expose how schooling was used first by American colonizers and later by global institutions like the World Bank to shape Filipino consciousness toward dependency.